Ubuntu Security Advisories

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - ARM64 architecture; - PowerPC architecture; - x86 architecture; - ACPI drivers; - Ublk userspace block driver; - Clock framework and drivers; - GPU drivers; - IIO subsystem; - InfiniBand drivers; - Media drivers; - MemoryStick subsystem; - Network drivers; - NTB driver; - PCI subsystem; - Remote Processor subsystem; - Thermal drivers; - Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem; - 9P distributed file system; - File systems infrastructure; - JFS file system; - Network file system (NFS) server daemon; - NTFS3 file system; - SMB network file system; - Memory management; - RDMA verbs API; - Kernel fork() syscall; - Tracing infrastructure; - Watch queue notification mechanism; - Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) subsystem; - Networking core; - IPv4 networking; - IPv6 networking; - Netfilter; - Network traffic control; - SCTP protocol; - TLS protocol; - SoC Audio for Freescale CPUs drivers; (CVE-2025-39728, CVE-2025-23136, CVE-2025-22062, CVE-2025-22035, CVE-2025-22020, CVE-2025-22083, CVE-2025-22071, CVE-2025-22060, CVE-2025-22073, CVE-2025-22044, CVE-2025-22063, CVE-2025-22079, CVE-2025-22057, CVE-2025-22095, CVE-2025-39735, CVE-2025-39682, CVE-2025-22058, CVE-2025-22021, CVE-2025-22018, CVE-2025-22056, CVE-2025-22054, CVE-2025-22080, CVE-2025-22039, CVE-2025-22019, CVE-2025-22038, CVE-2025-22028, CVE-2023-53034, CVE-2024-58092, CVE-2025-38637, CVE-2025-22089, CVE-2025-40114, CVE-2025-22068, CVE-2025-37937, CVE-2025-22070, CVE-2025-22072, CVE-2025-22086, CVE-2025-22050, CVE-2025-22040, CVE-2025-22065, CVE-2025-38575, CVE-2025-22064, CVE-2025-22033, CVE-2025-22041, CVE-2025-22090, CVE-2025-22036, CVE-2025-23138, CVE-2025-22047, CVE-2025-38240, CVE-2025-22066, CVE-2025-22042, CVE-2025-38152, CVE-2025-22055, CVE-2025-22081, CVE-2025-22045, CVE-2025-22053, CVE-2025-22075, CVE-2025-22027, CVE-2025-22025, CVE-2025-22097)

Oleksii Oleksenko, Cedric Fournet, Jana Hofmann, Boris Köpf, Stavros Volos, and Flavien Solt discovered that some AMD processors may allow an attacker to infer data from previous stores, potentially resulting in the leakage of privileged information. A local attacker could possibly use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2024-36350, CVE-2024-36357) Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - ARM64 architecture; - PowerPC architecture; - RISC-V architecture; - S390 architecture; - x86 architecture; - ACPI drivers; - Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers; - Drivers core; - ATA over ethernet (AOE) driver; - Ublk userspace block driver; - Bus devices; - DMA engine subsystem; - Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA); - Cirrus firmware drivers; - GPU drivers; - HID subsystem; - Hardware monitoring drivers; - I2C subsystem; - InfiniBand drivers; - Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers; - Multiple devices driver; - Media drivers; - TI TPS6594 PFSM driver; - MMC subsystem; - MTD block device drivers; - Network drivers; - NVME drivers; - x86 platform drivers; - RapidIO drivers; - Voltage and Current Regulator drivers; - Remote Processor subsystem; - S/390 drivers; - SCSI subsystem; - TCM subsystem; - Trusted Execution Environment drivers; - TTY drivers; - ChipIdea USB driver; - USB Type-C support driver; - Framebuffer layer; - TSM Common Guest driver; - File systems infrastructure; - BTRFS file system; - Ceph distributed file system; - Ext4 file system; - F2FS file system; - JFFS2 file system; - JFS file system; - Network file systems library; - Network file system (NFS) client; - Network file system (NFS) server daemon; - SMB network file system; - Memory Management; - Bluetooth subsystem; - Tracing infrastructure; - io_uring subsystem; - IPC subsystem; - BPF subsystem; - Perf events; - Kernel exit() syscall; - IRQ subsystem; - Scheduler infrastructure; - Maple Tree data structure library; - Memory management; - Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) subsystem; - Ethernet bridge; - Networking core; - IPv6 networking; - MultiProtocol Label Switching driver; - Netfilter; - NFC subsystem; - Rose network layer; - Network traffic control; - Sun RPC protocol; - TIPC protocol; - TLS protocol; - Unix domain sockets; - VMware vSockets driver; - WCD audio codecs; - USB sound devices; (CVE-2025-38339, CVE-2025-38391, CVE-2025-38262, CVE-2025-38345, CVE-2025-38387, CVE-2025-38373, CVE-2025-38395, CVE-2025-38330, CVE-2025-38425, CVE-2025-38210, CVE-2025-38206, CVE-2025-38219, CVE-2025-38245, CVE-2025-38253, CVE-2025-38401, CVE-2025-38410, CVE-2025-38086, CVE-2025-38340, CVE-2025-38368, CVE-2025-38385, CVE-2025-38384, CVE-2025-38326, CVE-2025-38224, CVE-2025-38338, CVE-2025-38191, CVE-2025-39682, CVE-2025-38343, CVE-2025-38090, CVE-2025-38228, CVE-2025-38182, CVE-2025-38231, CVE-2025-38183, CVE-2025-38184, CVE-2025-38237, CVE-2025-38413, CVE-2025-38356, CVE-2025-38246, CVE-2025-38202, CVE-2025-38248, CVE-2025-38254, CVE-2025-38426, CVE-2025-38429, CVE-2025-38364, CVE-2025-38388, CVE-2025-38435, CVE-2025-38403, CVE-2025-38186, CVE-2025-38199, CVE-2025-38402, CVE-2025-38181, CVE-2025-38264, CVE-2025-38362, CVE-2025-38341, CVE-2025-38422, CVE-2025-38331, CVE-2025-38423, CVE-2025-38233, CVE-2025-38337, CVE-2025-38328, CVE-2025-38196, CVE-2025-38412, CVE-2025-38205, CVE-2025-38242, CVE-2025-38324, CVE-2025-38354, CVE-2025-38347, CVE-2025-38217, CVE-2025-38393, CVE-2025-38392, CVE-2025-38390, CVE-2025-38321, CVE-2025-38541, CVE-2025-38363, CVE-2025-38203, CVE-2025-38250, CVE-2025-38418, CVE-2025-38336, CVE-2025-38333, CVE-2025-38194, CVE-2025-38372, CVE-2025-38348, CVE-2025-38370, CVE-2025-38411, CVE-2025-38188, CVE-2025-38365, CVE-2025-38241, CVE-2025-38201, CVE-2025-38259, CVE-2025-38355, CVE-2025-38227, CVE-2025-38225, CVE-2025-38405, CVE-2025-38329, CVE-2025-38232, CVE-2025-38344, CVE-2025-38238, CVE-2025-38239, CVE-2025-38260, CVE-2025-38257, CVE-2025-38399, CVE-2025-38419, CVE-2025-38430, CVE-2025-38251, CVE-2025-38332, CVE-2025-38220, CVE-2025-38417, CVE-2025-38396, CVE-2025-38234, CVE-2025-38434, CVE-2025-38197, CVE-2025-38436, CVE-2025-38408, CVE-2025-38204, CVE-2025-38222, CVE-2025-38361, CVE-2025-38218, CVE-2025-38212, CVE-2025-38198, CVE-2025-38255, CVE-2025-38389, CVE-2025-38085, CVE-2025-38244, CVE-2025-38089, CVE-2025-38428, CVE-2025-38369, CVE-2025-38189, CVE-2025-38084, CVE-2025-38400, CVE-2025-38382, CVE-2025-38223, CVE-2025-38325, CVE-2025-38263, CVE-2025-38249, CVE-2025-38346, CVE-2025-38320, CVE-2025-38409, CVE-2025-38374, CVE-2025-38208, CVE-2025-38256, CVE-2025-38371, CVE-2025-38192, CVE-2025-38406, CVE-2025-38360, CVE-2025-38258, CVE-2025-38226, CVE-2025-38376, CVE-2025-38375, CVE-2025-38200, CVE-2025-38523, CVE-2025-38334, CVE-2025-38236, CVE-2025-38386, CVE-2025-38421, CVE-2025-38087, CVE-2025-38416, CVE-2025-38179, CVE-2025-38420, CVE-2025-38424, CVE-2025-38377, CVE-2025-38359, CVE-2025-38342, CVE-2025-38431, CVE-2025-38407, CVE-2025-38427, CVE-2025-38229, CVE-2025-38353, CVE-2025-38383, CVE-2025-38211, CVE-2025-38322, CVE-2025-38381, CVE-2025-38261)

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this to expose sensitive information from the host OS. (CVE-2025-40300) Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - DMA engine subsystem; - GPU drivers; - HSI subsystem; - Ethernet team driver; - Ext4 file system; - Timer subsystem; - DCCP (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol); - IPv6 networking; - NET/ROM layer; - SCTP protocol; - USB sound devices; (CVE-2023-52574, CVE-2023-52650, CVE-2024-41006, CVE-2024-50006, CVE-2024-50299, CVE-2024-53124, CVE-2024-53150, CVE-2024-56767, CVE-2025-37838, CVE-2025-38352)

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this to expose sensitive information from the host OS. (CVE-2025-40300) Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - DMA engine subsystem; - GPU drivers; - HSI subsystem; - Ethernet team driver; - Framebuffer layer; - BTRFS file system; - Ext4 file system; - Network file system (NFS) server daemon; - Timer subsystem; - DCCP (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol); - IPv6 networking; - NET/ROM layer; - Packet sockets; - Network traffic control; - SCTP protocol; - VMware vSockets driver; - USB sound devices; (CVE-2023-52574, CVE-2023-52650, CVE-2024-35849, CVE-2024-41006, CVE-2024-49924, CVE-2024-50006, CVE-2024-50299, CVE-2024-53124, CVE-2024-53150, CVE-2024-56767, CVE-2025-21796, CVE-2025-37785, CVE-2025-37838, CVE-2025-38352, CVE-2025-38477, CVE-2025-38617, CVE-2025-38618)

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this to expose sensitive information from the host OS. (CVE-2025-40300) Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - DMA engine subsystem; - GPU drivers; - HSI subsystem; - Ethernet team driver; - Ext4 file system; - Timer subsystem; - DCCP (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol); - IPv6 networking; - NET/ROM layer; - SCTP protocol; - USB sound devices; (CVE-2023-52574, CVE-2023-52650, CVE-2024-41006, CVE-2024-50006, CVE-2024-50299, CVE-2024-53124, CVE-2024-53150, CVE-2024-56767, CVE-2025-37838, CVE-2025-38352)

It was discovered that libxslt, used by libxml2, incorrectly handled certain attributes. An attacker could use this issue to cause a crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code. This update adds a fix to libxml2 to mitigate the libxslt vulnerability.

Jean-Claude Graf, Sandro Rüegge, Ali Hajiabadi, and Kaveh Razavi discovered that the Linux kernel contained insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor for certain processors. This flaw is known as VMSCAPE. An attacker in a guest VM could possibly use this to expose sensitive information from the host OS. (CVE-2025-40300) A security issues was discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystem: - USB sound devices; (CVE-2024-53150)

Oleksii Oleksenko, Cedric Fournet, Jana Hofmann, Boris Köpf, Stavros Volos, and Flavien Solt discovered that some AMD processors may allow an attacker to infer data from previous stores. A local attacker could possibly use this issue to expose sensitive information. This update provides the updated microcode mitigations required for the corresponding Linux kernel update.

It was discovered that GNU binutils incorrectly handled certain files. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a crash or execute arbitrary code. The attack is restricted to local execution. (CVE-2025-11082) It was discovered that GNU binutils incorrectly handled certain inputs. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a crash or execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2025-11083, CVE-2025-5244, CVE-2025-5245, CVE-2025-7554) It was discovered that GNU binutils incorrectly handled certain files. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause crash, execute arbitrary code or expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-1147) It was discovered that GNU binutils incorrectly handled certain inputs. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2025-1148, CVE-2025-3198, CVE-2025-8225 It was discovered that GNU binutils incorrectly handled certain files. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a crash. This issue only affected Ubuntu 25.04. (CVE-2025-1182) It was discovered that GNU binutils incorrectly handled certain inputs. An attacker could possibly use this issue to execute arbritrary code. This issue only affected Ubuntu 25.04 and Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. (CVE-2025-7546)

Jan-Niklas Sohn discovered that the X.Org X Server incorrectly handled certain memory operations. An attacker could use these issues to cause the X Server to crash, leading to a denial of service, obtain sensitive information, or possibly execute arbitrary code.

It was discovered that YAML::Syck did not properly handle parsing YAML files. An attacker could possibly use this issue to expose sensitive information.

Leonardo Giovannini discovered that Squid failed to redact HTTP Authentication credentials in a default configuration. An attacker could possibly use this issue to obtain sensitive information.

It was discovered that Netty did not properly handle user input. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to forge arbitrary emails from a trusted server.

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - GPU drivers; - Network drivers; - Netlink; (CVE-2024-26700, CVE-2025-38727, CVE-2023-52593, CVE-2024-26896)

It was discovered that Radare2 conntained a memory leak, resulting in performance degradation. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Radare2 to crash, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2025-60358)

Xu Biang discovered that the strongSwan client incorrectly handled EAP-MSCHAPv2 failure requests. If a user or automated system were tricked into connecting to a malicious server, a remote attacker could use this issue to cause strongSwan to crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code.

It was discovered that the REXML module bunded into Ruby incorrectly handled parsing XML documents with repeated instances of certain characters. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause REXML to consume excessive resources, leading to a denial of service. Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and Ubuntu 20.04 LTS were previously addressed in USN-7256-1 and USN-7734-1. This update addresses the issue in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-35176) It was discovered that the REXML module bunded into Ruby incorrectly handled parsing XML documents with repeated instances of certain characters. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause REXML to consume excessive resources, leading to a denial of service. Ubuntu 20.04 LTS was previously addressed in USN-7256-1. This update addresses the issue in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-39908, CVE-2024-41123) It was discovered that the REXML module bunded into Ruby incorrectly handled parsing XML documents with many entity expansions. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause REXML to consume excessive resources, leading to a denial of service. Ubuntu 20.04 LTS was previously addressed in USN-7091-2. This update addresses the issue in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-41946) It was discovered that the WEBrick module bundled into Ruby incorrectly handled having both a Content-Length header and a Transfer-Encoding header. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform a HTTP request smuggling attack. (CVE-2024-47220) It was discovered that the WEBrick module bundled into Ruby incorrectly parsed HTTP headers. In configurations where the WEBrick module is placed behind an HTTP proxy, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform an HTTP Request Smuggling attack. (CVE-2025-6442)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - GPU drivers; - Network drivers; - Netlink; (CVE-2024-26700, CVE-2025-38727, CVE-2023-52593, CVE-2024-26896)

Oleksii Oleksenko, Cedric Fournet, Jana Hofmann, Boris Köpf, Stavros Volos, and Flavien Solt discovered that some AMD processors may allow an attacker to infer data from previous stores, potentially resulting in the leakage of privileged information. A local attacker could possibly use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2024-36350, CVE-2024-36357) Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - ARM64 architecture; - PowerPC architecture; - RISC-V architecture; - S390 architecture; - x86 architecture; - ACPI drivers; - Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers; - Drivers core; - ATA over ethernet (AOE) driver; - Ublk userspace block driver; - Bus devices; - DMA engine subsystem; - Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA); - Cirrus firmware drivers; - GPU drivers; - HID subsystem; - Hardware monitoring drivers; - I2C subsystem; - InfiniBand drivers; - Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers; - Multiple devices driver; - Media drivers; - TI TPS6594 PFSM driver; - MMC subsystem; - MTD block device drivers; - Network drivers; - NVME drivers; - x86 platform drivers; - RapidIO drivers; - Voltage and Current Regulator drivers; - Remote Processor subsystem; - S/390 drivers; - SCSI subsystem; - TCM subsystem; - Trusted Execution Environment drivers; - TTY drivers; - ChipIdea USB driver; - USB Type-C support driver; - Framebuffer layer; - TSM Common Guest driver; - File systems infrastructure; - BTRFS file system; - Ceph distributed file system; - Ext4 file system; - F2FS file system; - JFFS2 file system; - JFS file system; - Network file systems library; - Network file system (NFS) client; - Network file system (NFS) server daemon; - SMB network file system; - Memory Management; - Bluetooth subsystem; - Tracing infrastructure; - io_uring subsystem; - IPC subsystem; - BPF subsystem; - Perf events; - Kernel exit() syscall; - IRQ subsystem; - Scheduler infrastructure; - Maple Tree data structure library; - Memory management; - Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) subsystem; - Ethernet bridge; - Networking core; - IPv6 networking; - MultiProtocol Label Switching driver; - Netfilter; - NFC subsystem; - Rose network layer; - Network traffic control; - Sun RPC protocol; - TIPC protocol; - TLS protocol; - Unix domain sockets; - VMware vSockets driver; - WCD audio codecs; - USB sound devices; (CVE-2025-38339, CVE-2025-38391, CVE-2025-38262, CVE-2025-38345, CVE-2025-38387, CVE-2025-38373, CVE-2025-38395, CVE-2025-38330, CVE-2025-38425, CVE-2025-38210, CVE-2025-38206, CVE-2025-38219, CVE-2025-38245, CVE-2025-38253, CVE-2025-38401, CVE-2025-38410, CVE-2025-38086, CVE-2025-38340, CVE-2025-38368, CVE-2025-38385, CVE-2025-38384, CVE-2025-38326, CVE-2025-38224, CVE-2025-38338, CVE-2025-38191, CVE-2025-39682, CVE-2025-38343, CVE-2025-38090, CVE-2025-38228, CVE-2025-38182, CVE-2025-38231, CVE-2025-38183, CVE-2025-38184, CVE-2025-38237, CVE-2025-38413, CVE-2025-38356, CVE-2025-38246, CVE-2025-38202, CVE-2025-38248, CVE-2025-38254, CVE-2025-38426, CVE-2025-38429, CVE-2025-38364, CVE-2025-38388, CVE-2025-38435, CVE-2025-38403, CVE-2025-38186, CVE-2025-38199, CVE-2025-38402, CVE-2025-38181, CVE-2025-38264, CVE-2025-38362, CVE-2025-38341, CVE-2025-38422, CVE-2025-38331, CVE-2025-38423, CVE-2025-38233, CVE-2025-38337, CVE-2025-38328, CVE-2025-38196, CVE-2025-38412, CVE-2025-38205, CVE-2025-38242, CVE-2025-38324, CVE-2025-38354, CVE-2025-38347, CVE-2025-38217, CVE-2025-38393, CVE-2025-38392, CVE-2025-38390, CVE-2025-38321, CVE-2025-38541, CVE-2025-38363, CVE-2025-38203, CVE-2025-38250, CVE-2025-38418, CVE-2025-38336, CVE-2025-38333, CVE-2025-38194, CVE-2025-38372, CVE-2025-38348, CVE-2025-38370, CVE-2025-38411, CVE-2025-38188, CVE-2025-38365, CVE-2025-38241, CVE-2025-38201, CVE-2025-38259, CVE-2025-38355, CVE-2025-38227, CVE-2025-38225, CVE-2025-38405, CVE-2025-38329, CVE-2025-38232, CVE-2025-38344, CVE-2025-38238, CVE-2025-38239, CVE-2025-38260, CVE-2025-38257, CVE-2025-38399, CVE-2025-38419, CVE-2025-38430, CVE-2025-38251, CVE-2025-38332, CVE-2025-38220, CVE-2025-38417, CVE-2025-38396, CVE-2025-38234, CVE-2025-38434, CVE-2025-38197, CVE-2025-38436, CVE-2025-38408, CVE-2025-38204, CVE-2025-38222, CVE-2025-38361, CVE-2025-38218, CVE-2025-38212, CVE-2025-38198, CVE-2025-38255, CVE-2025-38389, CVE-2025-38085, CVE-2025-38244, CVE-2025-38089, CVE-2025-38428, CVE-2025-38369, CVE-2025-38189, CVE-2025-38084, CVE-2025-38400, CVE-2025-38382, CVE-2025-38223, CVE-2025-38325, CVE-2025-38263, CVE-2025-38249, CVE-2025-38346, CVE-2025-38320, CVE-2025-38409, CVE-2025-38374, CVE-2025-38208, CVE-2025-38256, CVE-2025-38371, CVE-2025-38192, CVE-2025-38406, CVE-2025-38360, CVE-2025-38258, CVE-2025-38226, CVE-2025-38376, CVE-2025-38375, CVE-2025-38200, CVE-2025-38523, CVE-2025-38334, CVE-2025-38236, CVE-2025-38386, CVE-2025-38421, CVE-2025-38087, CVE-2025-38416, CVE-2025-38179, CVE-2025-38420, CVE-2025-38424, CVE-2025-38377, CVE-2025-38359, CVE-2025-38342, CVE-2025-38431, CVE-2025-38407, CVE-2025-38427, CVE-2025-38229, CVE-2025-38353, CVE-2025-38383, CVE-2025-38211, CVE-2025-38322, CVE-2025-38381, CVE-2025-38261)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - Ext4 file system; - Network file system (NFS) server daemon; - Packet sockets; - Network traffic control; - VMware vSockets driver; (CVE-2025-38617, CVE-2025-21796, CVE-2025-38618, CVE-2025-37785, CVE-2025-38477)